Settlements are part of the environment outside of protected forest areas, either in the form of urban or rural areas. Settlement serves as a residence or residential environments and activities that support life and livelihood (Law No. 4/1992) .
Housing is a group home that serves as a residence or residential environments equipped with basic environmental infrastructure that is completeness physical environment, for example, drinking water supply, waste disposal, electricity, telephone, roads, allowing neighborhoods to function properly; and environmental facilities are facilities that serve to support the implementation and development of the economic, social and cultural rights, such as playground facilities, sports, education, shopping, transportation facilities, security, and other public facilities.
Healthy housing is a concept of housing as a factor that can improve the health standards of its inhabitants. The concept involves a sociological and technical management of risk factors and oriented location, buildings, qualification, adaptation, management, use and maintenance of the house and the surrounding environment, and includes elements of whether the house has a water supply and adequate facilities for cooking, washing , storing food, as well as the disposal of human waste and other waste (Commission Regarding the Health and Environment WHO, 2001).
Residential areas dominated by residential environment with a primary function as a place to stay that is equipped with the infrastructure and facilities, a work that provides services and limited employment opportunities that support life and livelihood. Unit residential neighborhood is a residential area in different shapes and sizes with the arrangement of land space, infrastructure and facilities structured environment that allows service and optimal management.
Environmental infrastructure is a basic accessory physical settlement environment that allows neighborhoods to function properly. The main infrastructure includes road networks, networks of waste and garbage disposal water, rain water drainage network, water supply network, electricity, telephone, gas, and so forth.
The primary network infrastructure is a major networking environment that connects the residential areas or between residential areas with other areas. Secondary network of environmental infrastructure is the primary branch network of networks that serve the needs of in a single unit residential environment. Means neighborhoods are supporting facilities that serve to maintain and develop the economic, social and cultural.
Examples of environmental facilities are residential facilities shopping center, public services, education and health, places of worship, recreation and sports, parks, cemeteries. Furthermore, the term refers to a public utility service support facilities for residential environments, including clean water, electricity, telephone, gas, transportation, and firefighters. Public utilities require professional management and sustained by a business entity.
Terms of Healthy Housing and Environment Settlements
Health housing and neighborhoods are the physical, chemical, and biological in the home, in the home environment and housing, thus allowing the occupants to get optimal health status. Housing and environmental health requirements of the settlement is the technical provisions of health that must be met in order to protect the occupants and the people who live in the housing and / or the surrounding community of danger or health problems.
Housing health requirements which include housing and residential environment requirements as well as requirements of the house itself, it is necessary for the construction of housing a great impact on improving health of individuals, families and communities (Sanropie, 1992).
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